Diabetes & Metabolism Journal

Original Article

Clinical Care/Education
Feasibility of a Patient-Centered, Smartphone-Based, Diabetes Care System: A Pilot Study: Eun Ky Kim, Soo Heon Kwak, Seungsu Baek, Seung Lyeol Lee, Hak Chul Jang, Kyong Soo Park, Young Min Cho; Diabetes Metab J. 2016;40(3):192-201. Published online April 8, 2016; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2016.40.3.192

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Background

We developed a patient-centered, smartphone-based, diabetes care system (PSDCS). This study aims to test the feasibility of glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c) reduction with the PSDCS.

Methods

This study was a single-arm pilot study. The participants with type 2 diabetes mellitus were instructed to use the PSDCS, which integrates a Bluetooth-connected glucometer, digital food diary, and wearable physical activity monitoring device. The primary end point was the change in HbA1c from baseline after a 12-week intervention.

Results

Twenty-nine patients aged 53.9±9.1 years completed the study. HbA1c and fasting plasma glucose levels decreased significantly from baseline (7.7%±0.7% to 7.1%±0.6%, P<0.0001; 140.9±39.1 to 120.1±31.0 mg/dL, P=0.0088, respectively). The frequency of glucose monitoring correlated with the magnitude of HbA1c reduction (r=–0.57, P=0.0013). The components of the diabetes self-care activities, including diet, exercise, and glucose monitoring, were significantly improved, particularly in the upper tertile of HbA1c reduction. There were no severe adverse events during the intervention.

Conclusion

A 12-week application of the PSDCS to patients with inadequately controlled type 2 diabetes resulted in a significant HbA1c reduction with tolerable safety profiles; these findings require confirmation in a future randomized controlled trial.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

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Helen N C Fu, Jean F Wyman, Cynthia J Peden-McAlpine, Claire Burke Draucker, Titus Schleyer, Terrence J Adam
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JMIR Diabetes.2023; 8: e42389. CrossRef
User Retention and Engagement in the Digital-Based Diabetes Education and Self-Management for Ongoing and Newly Diagnosed (myDESMOND) Program: Descriptive Longitudinal Study
Mary M Barker, Radhika Chauhan, Melanie J Davies, Christopher Brough, Alison Northern, Bernie Stribling, Sally Schreder, Kamlesh Khunti, Michelle Hadjiconstantinou
JMIR Diabetes.2023; 8: e44943. CrossRef
New Digital Health Technologies for Insulin Initiation and Optimization for People With Type 2 Diabetes
David Kerr, Steven Edelman, Giacomo Vespasiani, Kamlesh Khunti
Endocrine Practice.2022; 28(8): 811. CrossRef
Effects of Patient-Driven Lifestyle Modification Using Intermittently Scanned Continuous Glucose Monitoring in Patients With Type 2 Diabetes: Results From the Randomized Open-label PDF Study
Hun Jee Choe, Eun-Jung Rhee, Jong Chul Won, Kyong Soo Park, Won-Young Lee, Young Min Cho
Diabetes Care.2022; 45(10): 2224. CrossRef
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Jessica R Forsyth, Hannah Chase, Nia W Roberts, Laura C Armitage, Andrew J Farmer
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Response

Response: Normal Glucose Tolerance with a High 1-Hour Postload Plasma Glucose Level Exhibits Decreased β-Cell Function Similar to Impaired Glucose Tolerance (Diabetes Metab J 2015;39:147-53): Tae Jung Oh, Se Hee Min, Chang Ho Ahn, Eun Ky Kim, Soo Heon Kwak, Hye Seung Jung, Kyong Soo Park, Young Min Cho; Diabetes Metab J. 2015;39(3):270-271. Published online June 15, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2015.39.3.270

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Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Prevalence of Impaired Glucose Tolerance/Prediabetes in Local Adult Obese Population Presenting to A Tertiary Care Hospital
Niktash Khan Hadi, Muhammad Salman Aamir, Tahir Ghaffar, Sulaiman Khan, Siraj ul Islam, Shafiullah Khan, Nizamuddin ., Muhammad Ali
Pakistan Journal of Health Sciences.2023; : 84. CrossRef

Original Articles

Normal Glucose Tolerance with a High 1-Hour Postload Plasma Glucose Level Exhibits Decreased β-Cell Function Similar to Impaired Glucose Tolerance: Tae Jung Oh, Se Hee Min, Chang Ho Ahn, Eun Ky Kim, Soo Heon Kwak, Hye Seung Jung, Kyong Soo Park, Young Min Cho; Diabetes Metab J. 2015;39(2):147-153. Published online March 9, 2015; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2015.39.2.147

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43 Download
14 Web of Science
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Abstract PDF PubReader

Background

Subjects with normal glucose tolerance (NGT) who have a high 1-hour postload plasma glucose level (≥155 mg/dL; NGT 1 hour-high) have been shown to be at higher risk for type 2 diabetes than subjects with NGT 1 hour-low postload plasma glucose level (<155 mg/dL). We compared β-cell function in subjects with NGT 1 hour-high, NGT 1 hour-low, and impaired glucose tolerance (IGT).

Methods

We classified subjects into NGT 1 hour-low (n=149), NGT 1 hour-high (n=43), and IGT (n=52). The β-cell function was assessed based on insulinogenic index (IGI), oral disposition index (DI), and insulin secretion-sensitivity index-2 (ISSI-2).

Results

Insulin sensitivity was comparable between the subjects with NGT 1 hour-high and NGT 1 hour-low. The β-cell function with/without adjusting insulin sensitivity was significantly different among the three groups. The IGI (pmol/mmol) was 116.8±107.3 vs. 64.8±47.8 vs. 65.8±80.6 (P=0.141), oral DI was 3.5±4.2 vs. 1.8±1.4 vs. 1.8±3.1 (P<0.001), and ISSI-2 was 301.2±113.7 vs. 213.2±67.3 vs. 172.5±87.5 (P<0.001) in NGT 1 hour-low, NGT 1 hour-high, and IGT, respectively. Post hoc analyses revealed that oral DI and ISSI-2 were significantly different between NGT 1 hour-low and NGT 1 hour-high but comparable between NGT 1 hour-high and IGT.

Conclusion

Among Korean subjects with NGT, those who have a higher 1-hour postload glucose level have a compromised insulin-sensitivity adjusted β-cell function to a similar degree as IGT subjects.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

Triglyceride-glucose index predicts type 2 diabetes mellitus more effectively than oral glucose tolerance test-derived insulin sensitivity and secretion markers
Min Jin Lee, Ji Hyun Bae, Ah Reum Khang, Dongwon Yi, Mi Sook Yun, Yang Ho Kang
Diabetes Research and Clinical Practice.2024; 210: 111640. CrossRef
Pancreatic fat accumulation is associated with decreased β‐cell function and deterioration in glucose tolerance in Korean adults
Sang Ouk Chin, You‐Cheol Hwang, In‐Jin Cho, In‐Kyung Jeong, Kyu Jeung Ahn, Ho Yeon Chung
Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews.2021;[Epub] CrossRef
Indirect insulin resistance detection: Current clinical trends and laboratory limitations
Sylwia Placzkowska, Lilla Pawlik-Sobecka, Izabela Kokot, Agnieszka Piwowar
Biomedical Papers.2019; 163(3): 187. CrossRef
Clinical Implications of Using Post-Challenge Plasma Glucose Levels for Early Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in Older Individuals
Kyong Hye Joung, Sang Hyun Ju, Ji Min Kim, Sorim Choung, Jae Min Lee, Kang Seo Park, Hyun Jin Kim, Bon Jeong Ku
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2018; 42(2): 147. CrossRef
The 1-h post-load plasma glucose as a novel biomarker for diagnosing dysglycemia
Ram Jagannathan, Martin Buysschaert, José Luis Medina, Karin Katz, Sarah Musleh, Brenda Dorcely, Michael Bergman
Acta Diabetologica.2018; 55(6): 519. CrossRef
Elevated 1‐hour post‐load plasma glucose identifies obese youth with abnormal glucose metabolism and an unfavourable inflammatory profile
Anastasios Serbis, Vasileios Giapros, Anna Challa, Nikolaos Chaliasos, Ekaterini Siomou
Clinical Endocrinology.2018; 89(6): 757. CrossRef
One‐hour postload plasma glucose concentration in people with normal glucose homeostasis predicts future diabetes mellitus: a 12‐year community‐based cohort study
Tae Jung Oh, Soo Lim, Kyoung Min Kim, Jae Hoon Moon, Sung Hee Choi, Young Min Cho, Kyong Soo Park, HakChul Jang, Nam H. Cho
Clinical Endocrinology.2017; 86(4): 513. CrossRef
An elevated 1-h post- load glucose level during the oral glucose tolerance test detects prediabetes
Martin Buysschaert, Michael Bergman, Donald Yanogo, Ram Jagannathan, Benoit Buysschaert, Vanessa Preumont
Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews.2017; 11(2): 137. CrossRef
Delayed insulin secretion response during an OGTT is associated with an increased risk for incidence of diabetes in NGT subjects
Yun Sun, Junfeng Han, Ziwei Lin, Lige Song, Chen Wang, Weiping Jia
Journal of Diabetes and its Complications.2016; 30(8): 1537. CrossRef
Postprandial Hyperglycemia
Tae Jung Oh
The Journal of Korean Diabetes.2016; 17(4): 233. CrossRef
β-Cell Function and Insulin Sensitivity in Normal Glucose-Tolerant Subjects Stratified by 1-Hour Plasma Glucose Values
Miranda M. Priya, Anandakumar Amutha, T.A. Pramodkumar, Harish Ranjani, Saravanan Jebarani, Kuppan Gokulakrishnan, Rajendra Pradeepa, Ranjit Unnikrishnan, Ranjit Mohan Anjana, Viswanathan Mohan
Diabetes Technology & Therapeutics.2016; 18(1): 29. CrossRef
Response: Normal Glucose Tolerance with a High 1-Hour Postload Plasma Glucose Level Exhibits Decreased β-Cell Function Similar to Impaired Glucose Tolerance (Diabetes Metab J2015;39:147-53)
Tae Jung Oh, Se Hee Min, Chang Ho Ahn, Eun Ky Kim, Soo Heon Kwak, Hye Seung Jung, Kyong Soo Park, Young Min Cho
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2015; 39(3): 270. CrossRef
Letter: Normal Glucose Tolerance with a High 1-Hour Postload Plasma Glucose Level Exhibits Decreased β-Cell Function Similar to Impaired Glucose Tolerance (Diabetes Metab J2015;39:147-53)
Hee Kyung Kim
Diabetes & Metabolism Journal.2015; 39(3): 268. CrossRef

Prevalence and Clinical Characteristics of Recently Diagnosed Type 2 Diabetes Patients with Positive Anti-Glutamic Acid Decarboxylase Antibody: Yul Hwangbo, Jin Taek Kim, Eun Ky Kim, Ah Reum Khang, Tae Jung Oh, Hak Chul Jang, Kyong Soo Park, Seong Yeon Kim, Hong Kyu Lee, Young Min Cho; Diabetes Metab J. 2012;36(2):136-143. Published online April 17, 2012; DOI: https://doi.org/10.4093/dmj.2012.36.2.136

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15 Crossref

Abstract PDF PubReader

Background

Latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA) refers to a specific type of diabetes characterized by adult onset, presence of islet auto-antibodies, insulin independence at the time of diagnosis, and rapid decline in β-cell function. The prevalence of LADA among patients with type 2 diabetes varies from 2% to 20% according to the study population. Since most studies on the prevalence of LADA performed in Korea were conducted in patients who had been tested for anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody (GADAb), a selection bias could not be excluded. In this study, we examined the prevalence and clinical characteristics of LADA among adult patients recently diagnosed with type 2 diabetes.

Methods

We included 462 patients who were diagnosed with type 2 diabetes within 5 years from the time this study was performed. We measured GADAb, fasting insulin level, fasting C-peptide level, fasting plasma glucose level, HbA1c, and serum lipid profiles and collected data on clinical characteristics.

Results

The prevalence of LADA was 4.3% (20/462) among adult patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes. Compared with the GADAb-negative patients, the GADAb-positive patients had lower fasting C-peptide levels (1.2±0.8 ng/mL vs. 2.0±1.2 ng/mL, P=0.004). Other metabolic features were not significantly different between the two groups.

Conclusion

The prevalence of LADA is 4.3% among Korean adult patients with recently diagnosed type 2 diabetes. The Korean LADA patients exhibited decreased insulin secretory capacity as reflected by lower C-peptide levels.

Citations

Citations to this article as recorded by

The worldwide prevalence of latent autoimmune diabetes of adults among adult-onset diabetic individuals: a systematic review and meta-analysis
Deepika Ramu, Selvaraj Ramaswamy, Suresh Rao, Solomon F. D. Paul
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Investigation of serum level relationship anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody and inflammatory cytokines (IL1-β, IL-6) with vitamins D in type 2 diabetes
Vahid Pouresmaeil, Sarmad Mashayekhi, Mohammad Sarafraz Yazdi
Journal of Diabetes & Metabolic Disorders.2022; 21(1): 181. CrossRef
Recent information on test utilization and intraindividual change in anti-glutamic acid decarboxylase antibody in Korea: a retrospective study
Rihwa Choi, Wonseo Park, Gayoung Chun, Jiwon Lee, Sang Gon Lee, Eun Hee Lee
BMJ Open Diabetes Research & Care.2022; 10(3): e002739. CrossRef
Prevalence and factors associated with latent autoimmune diabetes in adults (LADA): a cross-sectional study
Anselmo M. Manisha, Aminiel R. Shangali, Sayoki G. Mfinanga, Erasto V. Mbugi
BMC Endocrine Disorders.2022;[Epub] CrossRef
Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults (LADA) and its Metabolic Characteristics among Yemeni Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients
Dhekra Al-Zubairi, Molham AL-Habori, Riyadh Saif-Ali
Diabetes, Metabolic Syndrome and Obesity: Targets and Therapy.2021; Volume 14: 4223. CrossRef
Therapeutic approaches for latent autoimmune diabetes in adults: One size does not fit all
Theocharis Koufakis, Niki Katsiki, Pantelis Zebekakis, George Dimitriadis, Kalliopi Kotsa
Journal of Diabetes.2020; 12(2): 110. CrossRef
Long‐term effects on glycaemic control and β‐cell preservation of early intensive treatment in patients with newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes: A multicentre randomized trial
Suk Chon, Sang Youl Rhee, Kyu Jeung Ahn, Sei Hyun Baik, Yongsoo Park, Moon Suk Nam, Kwan Woo Lee, Soon Jib Yoo, Gwanpyo Koh, Dae Ho Lee, Young Seol Kim, Jeong‐Taek Woo
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Rajashree Mishra, Kenyaita M. Hodge, Diana L. Cousminer, Richard D. Leslie, Struan F.A. Grant
Trends in Endocrinology & Metabolism.2018; 29(9): 638. CrossRef
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Gozashti Mohammad Hossein, Shafiei Maryam, Esmaeilian Saeed, Najafipour Hamid, Mashrouteh Mahdieh
Diabetes & Metabolic Syndrome: Clinical Research & Reviews.2015; 9(2): 104. CrossRef
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A. Sachan, G. Zaidi, R. P. Sahu, S. Agrawal, P. G. Colman, E. Bhatia
Diabetic Medicine.2015; 32(6): 810. CrossRef
Amelioration of Diabetes-induced Cognitive Deficits by GSK-3β Inhibition is Attributed to Modulation of Neurotransmitters and Neuroinflammation
Ashok Kumar Datusalia, Shyam Sunder Sharma
Molecular Neurobiology.2014; 50(2): 390. CrossRef
Successful treatment of latent autoimmune diabetes in adults with Traditional Chinese Medicine: a case report
Jiaxing Tian, Wenke Liu, Zhong Zhen, Xiaolin Tong
Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine.2013; 33(6): 766. CrossRef
Clinical characteristics and insulin independence of Koreans with new‐onset type 2 diabetes presenting with diabetic ketoacidosis
H. Seok, C. H. Jung, S. W. Kim, M. J. Lee, W. J. Lee, J. H. Kim, B‐W. Lee
Diabetes/Metabolism Research and Reviews.2013; 29(6): 507. CrossRef
A Case of Latent Autoimmune Diabetes in Adults Developed after Surgical Cure of Growth Hormone Secreting Pituitary Tumor
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Hannah Seok, Byung Wan Lee
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